Oligella spp.: A systematic review on an uncommon urinary pathogen

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Medical Diagnostics

Background:

• Oligella is an uncommon Gram-negative coccobacillus.
• Previously associated with the urogenital tract, it is found worldwide.
• The genus includes two species, Oligella urethralis and Oligella ureolytica.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a systematic review of Oligella.
• Focus on microbiological characteristics, habitat, and role in human health.
• Evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility and infection potential.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of microbiological data.
• Review of clinical case studies and antimicrobial resistance patterns.

Main Results:

• Oligella is found in the human microbiome, particularly in individuals with predisposing conditions.
• It is associated with invasive infections in patients with underlying diseases.
• Prolonged incubation (up to 48 hours) is necessary for culture, and MALDI-TOF MS is accurate for identification.

Conclusions:

• Oligella is an underrecognized pathogen.
• Extended incubation of cultures is recommended for Gram-negative coccobacilli in urine.
• Carbapenems are suggested for empirical treatment due to potential resistance patterns.