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Measuring heart rate in captive chimpanzees without anesthesia.

Satoshi Hirata1, Etsuko Nogami2, Toshifumi Udono2

  • 1Kumamoto Sanctuary, Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka Sekiden-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8203, Japan. hirata.satoshi.8z@kyoto-u.ac.jp.

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|April 26, 2024
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Summary

This study monitored chimpanzee heart rates without anesthesia, finding females have higher rates than males. Heart rate also decreased with age and varied throughout the day.

Keywords:
Awake conditionChimpanzeeElectrocardiogramHeart rate

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Area of Science:

  • Primate physiology
  • Cardiovascular research
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Heart rate monitoring is vital for assessing physical and mental health in animals.
  • Limited data exists on chimpanzee heart rates, with most studies conducted under anesthesia.
  • Chimpanzees are humans' closest living relatives, making their physiological data crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish baseline heart rate data for chimpanzees under normal, non-anesthetized conditions.
  • To investigate factors influencing chimpanzee heart rate, including sex, age, and time of day.
  • To provide reference values for future health monitoring and research in chimpanzees.

Main Methods:

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were performed on 35 captive chimpanzees (22 males, 13 females).
  • Positive reinforcement training was used to ensure recordings were made under normal conditions without anesthesia.
  • A total of 771 recordings were collected from individuals aged 14-53 years with no known cardiac issues.

Main Results:

  • Female chimpanzees exhibited significantly higher heart rates (mean 106.4 bpm) than males (mean 86.5 bpm).
  • Heart rate showed a negative correlation with age, decreasing as individuals grew older.
  • Circadian rhythms influenced heart rate, with lower rates in the morning and increasing throughout the day.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides valuable, non-anesthetized heart rate data for chimpanzees, crucial for understanding their physiology.
  • The findings highlight significant differences in heart rate based on sex, age, and time of day.
  • These reference values can enhance health assessments and future research in chimpanzee populations.