Serum ferritin and the risk of myocardial infarction: A Mendelian randomization study

The potential role of serum ferritin as a risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI) is controversial, necessitating a systematic exploration of the causal relationship between ferritin and MI through Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. Genetic data were derived from a genome-wide association study (GWAS), employing the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method as the primary approach. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the results. Evaluation of instrumental variables was performed using the F-statistic, and a meta-analysis was employed to assess the average gene-predicted effect between ferritin and MI. The MR study revealed a negative correlation between ferritin and MI. The odds ratios (ORs) in the IVW method were 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.72-0.97; P = .017] and 0.86 (95% CI = 0.72-1.02; P = .080). Additionally, meta-analysis consistently indicated a negative causal relationship between ferritin and MI, with no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy, thereby indicating a negative correlation between ferritin levels and the risk of MI. The genetic evidence sheds light on the causal relationship between ferritin levels and MI risk, providing new perspectives for future interventions in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).