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CD138 as a Specific CSF Biomarker of Multiple Sclerosis
Geoffrey Hinsinger1, Lucile Du Trieu De Terdonck1, Serge Urbach1
1From the IGF (G.H., L.D.T.D.T., S.U., M.R., M.G., C.R., P.M., E.T.), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier; Sys2Diag (N.S.), UMR 9005 CNRS / ALCEDIAG, Montpellier; Department of Neurology (M.R., H.A., G.C., E.T.), Nîmes University Hospital; IRMB (R.C.), Université de Montpellier, INSERM; Department of Immunology (R.C.), Nîmes University Hospital; Department of Biostatistics (S.L.-C., C.D.), Clinical Epidemiology, Public Health, and Innovation in Methodology, Nîmes University Hospital, Université de Montpellier; Biochemistry Department (S.L.), Hôpital Saint-Eloi; and Department of Pathology (V.R.), Montpellier University Hospital, France.
This study identifies CD138 as a novel cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. CD138 shows high accuracy in distinguishing MS from other inflammatory neurologic disorders, offering improved diagnostic potential.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimmunology
- Proteomics
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Multiple sclerosis (MS) lacks specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
- There is a critical need for markers with high diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel protein biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of multiple sclerosis (MS).
- To validate the diagnostic accuracy of potential biomarkers in distinguishing MS from other neurologic disorders.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and oligodendrocyte secretome.
- Label-free quantitative proteomics and stable isotope labeling were employed.
- Parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) was used for targeted protein quantification in independent cohorts.
Main Results:
- Identified a biomarker signature for MS, including known markers and novel candidates like CD138 (syndecan-1).
- CD138 demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.85) in differentiating MS from inflammatory neurologic disorders.
- CD138 was detected in MS patient brains and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, but not in astrocytes.
Conclusions:
- CD138 is a specific CSF biomarker for MS diagnosis.
- The findings suggest activation of the chitinase 3-like protein 1/CD138 pathway in MS oligodendrocytes.
- These biomarkers offer potential for improved MS diagnosis and prognosis.
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