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Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Mental Health Disorders in the Pediatric Population: A Retrospective, Population-based

Tetyana Kendzerska1,2,3, Dhenuka Radhakrishnan1,3,4,5, Reshma Amin6,7

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, and.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society
|April 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Children diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had fewer mental healthcare encounters after treatment. OSA diagnosis and treatment in children are linked to improved mental health indicators.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited information exists on the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and mental health disorders in children.
  • Understanding this link is crucial for early intervention and comprehensive care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between OSA and new mental healthcare encounters in children.
  • To compare mental healthcare encounters in the two years before and after OSA treatment initiation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective longitudinal cohort study using Ontario health administrative data.
  • Compared children with moderate-severe OSA (PSG-OSA) to those without OSA (PSG-No-OSA) using propensity score weighting.
  • Analyzed time to first mental healthcare encounter and frequency of encounters, and compared pre- and post-treatment odds.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSA had a shorter time to their first mental healthcare encounter but less frequent encounters post-diagnosis compared to those without OSA.
  • OSA treatment (adenotonsillectomy or positive airway pressure therapy) was associated with significantly lower odds of mental healthcare encounters post-treatment.
  • The study analyzed 32,791 children, with 7,724 diagnosed with moderate-severe OSA.

Conclusions:

  • OSA diagnosis and treatment in children are associated with improved mental health indicators.
  • Fewer new mental healthcare encounters were observed in children with OSA compared to those without.
  • Treatment for OSA demonstrated a reduction in mental healthcare encounters compared to the pre-treatment period.

Keywords:
adenotonsillectomychildrenmental health disorderspositive airway pressuresleep apnea

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