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The overlap across psychotic disorders: A functional network connectivity analysis.

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Summary

Dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) reveals shared and distinct patterns across schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder. dFNC metrics also correlate with symptom severity in these psychotic disorders.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderDynamic functional network connectivityResting-state functional MRISchizoaffective disorderSchizophrenia disorderStatic functional network connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Functional network connectivity (FNC) differentiates patient groups from healthy controls (HC).
  • Overlap in FNC across psychotic disorders like schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar (BP), and schizoaffective disorder (SAD) remains unclear.
  • Dynamic FNC (dFNC) and static FNC (sFNC) offer potential insights into these overlaps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the overlap in both dFNC and sFNC across SZ, BP, and SAD.
  • To explore the relationship between clinical symptom scores and FNC features.
  • To identify distinct connectivity patterns unique to each disorder or shared among them.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state fMRI data from the BSNIP cohort, including SZ, BP, SAD, and HC groups.
  • Estimated individual dFNC and categorized them into three distinct states.
  • Evaluated dFNC features (occupancy rate, distance travelled) and sFNC, testing for statistical differences and correlations with clinical scores (e.g., PANSS).

Main Results:

  • dFNC revealed a similar activity pattern in state 2 across all three psychotic disorders.
  • State 1 showed similar dFNC patterns between SZ and SAD, distinct from BP.
  • The 'distance travelled' feature of SZ and the combined distance travelled across all disorders predicted PANSS symptom scores.

Conclusions:

  • dFNC provides unique information regarding connectivity overlaps among psychotic disorders.
  • Specific dFNC states highlight shared and distinct neural patterns in SZ, BP, and SAD.
  • dFNC metrics show potential as biomarkers for symptom severity in these conditions.