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Related Concept Videos

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy01:21

Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy

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Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
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Stem Cell Niche01:26

Stem Cell Niche

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The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
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Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

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A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
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Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation02:36

Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation

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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts01:13

Formation of Muscle Fibers from Myoblasts

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De novo myogenesis, or the formation of muscle fibers, begins during the early embryonic stages. The skeletal muscle is formed from somites– blocks of embryonic cell layers. The somites are further divided into dermatomes, myotomes, sclerotomes, and syndetomes. Among these, the myotomes give rise to muscle fibers.
Muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) are formed from the myotomes. MPCs express genes that encode the transcription factors Pax3 and Pax7. Along with Pax 3/7, other transcription...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Single Myofiber Culture Assay for the Assessment of Adult Muscle Stem Cell Functionality Ex Vivo
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Single Myofiber Culture Assay for the Assessment of Adult Muscle Stem Cell Functionality Ex Vivo

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Decoding the forces that shape muscle stem cell function.

Jo Nguyen1, Penney M Gilbert2

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Current Topics in Developmental Biology
|April 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Skeletal muscle stem cells

Keywords:
MechanobiologyMuscle stem cellsNicheSatellite cellsSkeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Skeletal muscle enables movement and support through coordinated tissue function.
  • Biomechanical force production is understood at macro and tissue levels, but not at the cellular microstructure level.
  • Skeletal muscle stem cells are vital for muscle self-repair, influenced by their microenvironment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of biophysical stresses and landscape properties affecting muscle stem cells.
  • To highlight the knowledge gaps in quantitatively describing the muscle stem cell biophysical microenvironment.
  • To explore the impact of these factors on muscle stem cells in health, aging, and disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on skeletal muscle biomechanics and stem cell biology.
  • Synthesis of findings on the role of biophysical cues in stem cell fate and function.
  • Analysis of how aging and disease impact the muscle stem cell microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • Biophysical factors, including mechanical stress and matrix properties, significantly influence skeletal muscle stem cell behavior.
  • Quantitative data on the specific biophysical microenvironment of muscle stem cells is limited.
  • The interplay between biophysical and biochemical cues is critical for stem cell function in various physiological and pathological conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the biophysical microenvironment is crucial for comprehending skeletal muscle stem cell function.
  • Further research is needed to quantify these microenvironmental factors for therapeutic applications.
  • This knowledge is essential for addressing muscle degeneration in aging and disease.