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Related Concept Videos

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

10.1K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
10.1K
Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols01:21

Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols

2.0K
Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
2.0K
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

11.4K
Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
11.4K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.3K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.3K
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

8.1K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
8.1K
Oxidation of Alcohols02:37

Oxidation of Alcohols

13.0K
In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
13.0K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
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Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

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Ultra-Low-Potential Methanol Oxidation on Single-Ir-Atom Catalyst.

Liyuan Gong1,2, Xiaorong Zhu3,4, Ta Thi Thuy Nga5

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, the National Supercomputer Centers in Changsha, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|April 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Single iridium atoms catalyze methanol oxidation at ultra-low potentials (<0.1 V) by integrating thermal and electrochemical processes in a polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer. This approach significantly enhances hydrogen production rates compared to conventional catalysts.

Keywords:
coupling of thermal and electrochemicalmethanol oxidation reactionsingle atom catalystsultra-low-potential

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Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
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Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

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Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Methanol oxidation is crucial for sustainable energy but hindered by slow kinetics.
  • Multi-electron transfer and intermediate species complicate the reaction pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient cascade methanol oxidation reaction using single-atom catalysts.
  • To investigate the synergistic effect of thermal and electrochemical integration.
  • To enhance hydrogen production rates in a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized single-iridium-atom (Ir) catalysts within a high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer.
  • Integrated thermal and electrochemical conditions to promote methanol oxidation.
  • Assembled methanol oxidation reaction with hydrogen evolution reaction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved efficient methanol oxidation at ultra-low potentials (<0.1 V).
  • Demonstrated spontaneous methanol dehydrogenation to CO at elevated temperatures and voltage, followed by electrochemical oxidation.
  • Observed a maximum hydrogen production rate of 18 mol gIr-1 h-1, surpassing Ir nanoparticles and commercial Pt/C.
  • Confirmed the necessity of coupled thermal and electrochemical integration for methanol decomposition.

Conclusions:

  • Single-Ir-atom catalysts enable efficient cascade methanol oxidation via integrated thermal-electrochemical processes.
  • This strategy significantly boosts hydrogen production, offering a novel approach for renewable energy devices.
  • The study broadens catalyst design principles for energy applications.