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Primary Stability of Implants Inserted into Polyurethane Blocks: Micro-CT and Analysis In Vitro.

Chadi Dura Haddad1, Ludovica Andreatti1, Igor Zelezetsky1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazza dell'Ospitale 1, 34129 Trieste, Italy.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Piezoelectric surgery (PES) and osteo-densification with magnetic mallet inserts (MM) enhance dental implant primary stability in artificial bone. These techniques may increase the potential for early implant loading compared to traditional drills (TD).

Keywords:
Micro-CTOsstellimplant site preparationmagnetic malletpiezo surgerypolyurethane blocksprimary stabilitytraditional drills

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Surgical Techniques

Background:

  • Dental implant primary stability is crucial for osseointegration and influenced by surgical site preparation.
  • Different implant site preparation techniques may yield varying degrees of primary stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of piezoelectric surgery (PES), traditional drills (TD), and magnetic mallet inserts (MM) on dental implant primary stability.
  • To assess this impact across two artificial bone densities (15 PCF and 30 PCF).

Main Methods:

  • 150 implant sites were prepared in polyurethane blocks simulating 15 PCF and 30 PCF bone densities.
  • Techniques included piezoelectric surgery (PES), traditional drills (TD), and magnetic mallet inserts (MM).
  • Primary stability was measured using Osstell (ISQ values) and micro-tomography (implant-to-site ratio, gap distance).

Main Results:

  • Higher implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were observed in 30 PCF bone compared to 15 PCF.
  • PES yielded the highest ISQ values, followed by MM, then TD, across both bone densities.
  • PES showed a higher implant-to-site occupation ratio in 30 PCF bone; TD resulted in the smallest implant-to-site gap.

Conclusions:

  • Piezoelectric surgery (PES) and osteo-densification with magnetic mallet inserts (MM) may enhance dental implant primary stability.
  • These techniques could potentially facilitate earlier dental implant loading.