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Madelung's Disease Evolving to Liposarcoma: An Uncommon Encounter
Mihaiela Lungu1,2, Violeta Diana Oprea1,2, Gabriela Stoleriu1,3
1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania.
Life (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 27, 2024
Summary
Madelung disease (Benign Symmetric Adenolipomatosis) can rarely transform into cancer. This case highlights a patient with liposarcoma and liver metastasis, emphasizing the need to consider malignancy in BSA management.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Madelung disease, also known as Benign Symmetric Adenolipomatosis (BSA), is a rare condition of subcutaneous adipose tissue proliferation.
- Characterized by symmetrical, non-encapsulated fatty deposits, BSA can cause significant clinical, aesthetic, and psychological distress.
Observation:
- A patient diagnosed with BSA presented with compressive symptoms and subsequently developed liposarcoma with liver metastasis.
- Histopathology confirmed right latero-cervical liposarcoma and round cell hepatic metastasis.
Findings:
- The case presents a rare instance of malignant transformation in a patient with Madelung disease.
- Literature review identified only three prior cases of malignant tumors associated with BSA.
- The exact etiopathogenesis remains unclear, but altered adipocyte function and potential genetic factors are implicated.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering oncogenic synergism in Madelung disease.
- Routine surveillance for malignant transformation may be warranted in BSA patients, despite limited supporting evidence.
- Further research into the genetic and metabolic underpinnings of BSA is crucial for understanding its malignant potential.
