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Published on: November 9, 2018
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signalling in the Control of Gut Inflammation
Irene Marafini1, Ivan Monteleone2, Federica Laudisi3
1Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a transcription factor activated by many natural and synthetic ligands, represents an important mediator of the interplay between the environment and the host's immune responses. In a healthy gut, AHR activation promotes tolerogenic signals, which help maintain mucosal homeostasis. AHR expression is defective in the inflamed gut of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), where decreased AHR signaling is supposed to contribute to amplifying the gut tissue's destructive immune-inflammatory responses. We here review the evidence supporting the role of AHR in controlling the "physiological" intestinal inflammation and summarize the data about the therapeutic effects of AHR activators, both in preclinical mouse models of colitis and in patients with IBD.
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