Age Estimation Based on Computed Tomography Analysis of the Scapula

Area of Science:

• Forensic Anthropology
• Radiology
• Human Identification

Background:

• Age estimation is crucial for human identification and legal proceedings, particularly for migrants.
• Forensic analysis of ossification centers, assessed via computed tomography (CT), is a primary method for age determination.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the applicability of CT scans in analyzing left scapula ossification centers for forensic age estimation in the Turkish population.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of six left scapula ossification centers (coracoid, subcoracoid, coracoid apex, acromial, glenoid, inferior angle) using a staging method.
• Assessment of interobserver and intraobserver variability using Cohen's kappa coefficient.
• Correlation analysis between age and ossification stage using Spearman's test and linear regression.

Main Results:

• A significant positive correlation was found between age and ossification stages in both sexes (N=397, ages 7.1-30.9).
• Ossification stages 1 and 2 in all centers, except the inferior angle, were indicative of individuals under 18 years old.
• The method demonstrated good reproducibility and consistency in intraobserver and interobserver evaluations.

Conclusions:

• CT analysis of scapula ossification centers is a valuable tool for forensic age assessment in living individuals and dry bones.
• This technique can aid in accurate age determination within the Turkish population for legal and identification purposes.