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Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles
Published on: August 28, 2015
Pullulan-Based Spray-Dried Mucoadhesive Microparticles for Sustained Oromucosal Drug Delivery
Ting Liu1, Xiang Gong2, Yang Cai1
1College of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
Abstract:
Mucoadhesive microparticles for oromucosal drug delivery offer several advantages, including intimate contact with the mucosa, delivery to less accessible regions, extended residence time, sustained drug release, reduced irritation, and improved patient compliance. In this study, pullulan was used to prepare mucoadhesive spray-dried microparticles for delivering benzydamine hydrochloride (BZH) to oral mucosa. The BZH-pullulan spray-dried microparticles had a mean size of <25 μm with an angle of repose values between 25.8-36.6°. Pullulan markedly extended drug-release time to >180 min, ~9 times greater than the duration (i.e., 20 min) reportedly achieved by chitosan. Kinetic analysis showed the drug-release rate was concentration dependent and jointly controlled by drug diffusion and polymer chain relaxation. Further, pullulan was mucoadhesive and was able to retain up to 78.8% w/w of microencapsulated gold nanoparticle probes at the mucosal membrane. These data strongly suggest that BZH-pullulan microparticles have great potential for oromucosal drug delivery, by providing elongated residence time in situ and sustained drug release for the treatment of local diseases.
Insights
New pullulan microparticles offer enhanced oral drug delivery. These mucoadhesive particles provide sustained release and prolonged residence time for treating local oral diseases.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Technology
- Biomaterials Science
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Mucoadhesive microparticles enhance oromucosal drug delivery by increasing mucosal contact and residence time.
- Benzydamine hydrochloride (BZH) is a drug used for local oral conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize mucoadhesive spray-dried microparticles of pullulan for oromucosal delivery of benzydamine hydrochloride (BZH).
- To evaluate the drug release profile, mucoadhesion, and retention of BZH-loaded pullulan microparticles on oral mucosal membranes.
Main Methods:
- Mucoadhesive microparticles were prepared using pullulan and benzydamine hydrochloride (BZH) via spray-drying.
- Particle size, angle of repose, drug release kinetics, and mucoadhesion were analyzed.
- Retention of microencapsulated gold nanoparticle probes on mucosal membranes was quantified.
Main Results:
- The BZH-pullulan microparticles exhibited a mean size of <25 μm and favorable flow properties (angle of repose 25.8-36.6°).
- Pullulan significantly extended BZH release (>180 min), approximately nine times longer than reported for chitosan.
- Mucoadhesion studies showed retention of up to 78.8% w/w of microencapsulated probes on the mucosal membrane.
Conclusions:
- BZH-pullulan microparticles demonstrate significant potential for oromucosal drug delivery.
- The formulation provides sustained drug release and prolonged in situ residence time, suitable for treating local oral diseases.
- Pullulan's mucoadhesive properties contribute to enhanced drug delivery efficacy.
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