Tensor-Free Holographic Metasurface Leaky-Wave Multi-Beam Antennas with Tailorable Gain and Polarization

Area of Science:

• Electromagnetic metasurfaces
• Antenna engineering
• Holographic principles

Background:

• Holographic antennas offer directional beamforming using metasurfaces.
• Previous multi-beam approaches required separate frequencies or hologram partitioning, limiting performance.
• Existing tensor surface impedance methods for beam control are complex and time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a new method for designing planar holographic leaky-wave multi-beam metasurface antennas.
• To achieve simultaneous, independently controllable beams at the same frequency.
• To eliminate the need for complex tensor impedance techniques.

Main Methods:

• Design of a planar holographic leaky-wave metasurface antenna.
• Utilizing subwavelength metal patches on a grounded dielectric board.
• Developing a method for tailorable amplitude, phase, and polarization control for each beam.
• Implementing sidelobe mitigation techniques.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated a multi-beam antenna capable of simultaneous beams at a single frequency.
• Achieved independent control over amplitude, phase, and polarization for each beam without hologram partitioning.
• Validated simulation designs with measurements on fabricated prototypes.
• Successfully mitigated sidelobes.

Conclusions:

• The proposed antenna design offers significant advantages in beam configurability for multi-target applications.
• The method simplifies the design process by avoiding cumbersome tensor impedance techniques.
• The single-source requirement and independent beam control enhance practical utility.