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Why did peri-pandemic suicide death rates decrease among non-Hispanic white people while increasing among most people
Morgan Robison1, Lee Robertson1, T E Joiner1
1Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Suicide & Life-Threatening Behavior
|April 27, 2024
Summary
Suicide rates decreased in the US during COVID-19, but this decline primarily benefited White individuals. Systemic racism and discrimination likely explain these racial disparities in mental wellness.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Suicide rates in the United States saw a decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Statistically significant reductions in suicide were predominantly observed among White populations during early 2020.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore potential reasons for racial and ethnic disparities in suicidality during the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.
- To analyze factors influencing mental wellness across different racial groups during the pandemic.
Main Methods:
- Review and propose distal factors (tele-mental health, technology access, economic security) and proximal factors (cultural beliefs, coping strategies) impacting community mental wellness.
- Analyze the differential accessibility and impact of these factors on various racial/ethnic communities.
Main Results:
- Distal and proximal factors potentially fostering community and mental wellness were identified.
- These protective factors were found to be less accessible or impactful for many communities of color compared to White populations.
Conclusions:
- Racial disparities in suicidality are attributed to the cumulative effects of discrimination and systemic racism, as explained by minority stress theory.
- Suggestions for interventions, relief, and future research are proposed to address these inequities.
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