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Isolation and Analysis of Microbial Communities in Soil, Rhizosphere, and Roots in Perennial Grass Experiments
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Enhancing intercropping sustainability: Manipulating soybean rhizosphere microbiome through cropping patterns.

Pengfei Dang1, Chen Lu2, Tiantian Huang1

  • 1College of Agronomy/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.

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|April 28, 2024
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Summary

Intercropping patterns significantly alter soybean rhizosphere microbes, with specific sensitive microbes driving yield and nitrogen use. Optimizing cropping layouts enhances legume-based intercropping system performance.

Keywords:
Assembly processesCo-occurrence networksLegume-based intercroppingNitrogen-fixing bacteriaRhizosphere bacteria

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Microbiology
  • Agronomy

Background:

  • Optimizing nitrogen utilization in legume-based intercropping systems is crucial for sustainable agriculture.
  • Soybean rhizosphere microbial communities play a vital role in nitrogen fixation and plant health.
  • Understanding these microbial responses under different intercropping strategies is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different soybean-maize intercropping patterns and nitrogen levels on rhizosphere bacterial and nifH communities.
  • To identify key microbial players (sensitive ASVs) influencing crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency.
  • To elucidate the relationship between root traits, soil properties, and microbial community structure.

Main Methods:

  • Three cropping layouts (sole soybean, one-row intercropping, two-row intercropping) were studied under film mulching.
  • Two nitrogen application rates (110 kg N ha⁻¹ and 180 kg N ha⁻¹) were applied.
  • Bacterial and nifH amplicon sequencing, root trait analysis, and soil property assessments were conducted.

Main Results:

  • Cropping patterns altered bacterial and nifH communities, with significant changes in sensitive ASVs (5% bacterial, 42% nifH).
  • Root traits were more influential than soil properties in shaping these microbial communities.
  • Sensitive ASVs were key drivers of microbial networks, predicting 85% of yield variance and 78% of partial factor productivity of nitrogen.

Conclusions:

  • Intercropping patterns significantly influence soybean rhizosphere microbial communities and their functions.
  • Specific sensitive ASVs are critical for enhancing yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency in intercropping systems.
  • Field management practices that shape these sensitive ASVs can optimize legume-based intercropping productivity and sustainability.