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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Algae01:28

Overview of Algae

The kingdom Archaeplastida encompasses red and green algae, along with land plants. Unlike other protists with chloroplasts that arose through secondary endosymbiosis, only red and green algae originated from primary endosymbiotic events. This diverse group of eukaryotic organisms contains chlorophyll and performs oxygenic photosynthesis.Algae exist in various forms, from large brown kelp in coastal waters to green scum in puddles and stains on rocks or soil. Some species are responsible for...
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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Bioremediation is an environmentally sustainable process that employs living organisms—primarily microorganisms—to degrade or neutralize pollutants from contaminated environments. In oil spills and hydrocarbon pollution, bioremediation involves the use of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to transform toxic compounds into less harmful substances. This approach leverages natural microbial metabolic processes and is considered both cost-effective and ecologically favorable compared to physical or...
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Upstream processing represents a critical phase in biomanufacturing, wherein biological systems such as microorganisms, mammalian cells, or insect cells are cultivated to produce therapeutic proteins, vaccines, enzymes, or other biologically derived products. This phase encompasses all steps from the selection and genetic manipulation of the production organism to the cultivation of cells in bioreactors under tightly controlled environmental conditions.Host Selection and Genetic OptimizationThe...
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Advancements in Nano-Enhanced microalgae bioprocessing.

Yamini Sumathi1, Cheng-Di Dong2, Reeta Rani Singhania3

  • 1Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.

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Nanomaterials boost microalgal production of valuable compounds like lipids and carotenoids. They improve cultivation, harvesting, and extraction, making microalgae more commercially viable for bio-based industries.

Keywords:
BioprocessCarotenoidsFlocculationMicroalgaeNanomaterialsSustainable development goals 3

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Phycology

Background:

  • Microalgae are rich sources of valuable compounds like lipids and carotenoids.
  • Low yields currently limit commercial viability of microalgal bioprocessing.
  • Integrating nanotechnology offers solutions to enhance microalgal production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of nanomaterials in enhancing microalgal bioprocessing.
  • To highlight the role of nanomaterials in cultivation, harvesting, and extraction.
  • To discuss challenges and future trends in nanomaterial-assisted microalgal biotechnology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on nanomaterial applications in microalgae.
  • Analysis of how different nanomaterial types impact microalgal biomass and product yields.
  • Evaluation of nano-enabled techniques for harvesting and downstream processing.

Main Results:

  • Nanomaterials enhance microalgal biomass and product yields (lipids, carotenoids) via improved nutrient uptake and stress tolerance.
  • Nanomaterials facilitate efficient harvesting through sedimentation, flocculation, and flotation.
  • Nanomaterials improve downstream extraction and purification processes, including cost-effective methods.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomaterials significantly advance microalgal bioprocessing efficiency and commercial potential.
  • Diverse nanomaterial types (metallic, magnetic, carbon-based, silica, polymers) show promise.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges and fully realize sustainable, efficient microalgal bio-based industries.