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Human Adapted Prosomeric Model: A Future for Brainstem Tumor Classification.

Alberth Patricio Munoz-Gualan1, Abuzer Güngör2, Phillip Cem Cezayirli3

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Brain Research
|April 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study proposes reclassifying the midbrain as part of the forebrain based on genetic evidence and advocates for updating neuroanatomical nomenclature for better understanding of brain development and disorders.

Keywords:
BrainstemMid-brainNeuroembryologyProsomeric

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Conventional midbrain anatomy is challenged by new genetic and anatomical findings.
  • The prosomeric model redefines the brain as neuromeres, offering a precise view of development.
  • Historical models like Herrick's columnar model have shaped current understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate midbrain anatomy and nomenclature based on genetic and evolutionary data.
  • To propose revisions to neuroanatomical definitions for improved accuracy.
  • To highlight the clinical implications of updated brain structure understanding.

Main Methods:

  • Re-evaluation of midbrain anatomy using genetic determinants and evolutionary lineage.
  • Adoption of the prosomeric model for brain neuromere definition.
  • Analysis of historical neuroanatomical models and their influence.

Main Results:

  • The midbrain should be considered an integral part of the forebrain.
  • The isthmo-cerebellar prepontine region is proposed to be part of the hindbrain.
  • Redefinition of the anterior boundary of the genetically-defined midbrain is recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Harmonizing neuroanatomical nomenclature with modern genetic insights is crucial.
  • Updated terminology promotes a precise understanding of brain structure for research and clinical applications.
  • Integrating molecular research into human neuroanatomy is essential.