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A Systematic Review of Infant Mental Health Prevention and Treatment Programs
Megan M Hare1, Taylor D Landis1, Melissa L Hernandez1
1Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University.
Insights
Few programs effectively support infant mental health (IMH). This review found only two evidence-based programs for IMH and parent-infant relationships, highlighting a critical gap in interventions for early childhood.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Developmental Psychology
- Public Health Interventions
Background:
- Existing research lacks systematic reviews on program-level impacts on infant mental health (IMH).
- A comprehensive understanding of evidence-based interventions for early childhood is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review prevention and treatment programs for infant mental health outcomes.
- To classify programs by empirical support and identify research gaps.
- To inform future mental health intervention science for children aged 0-2 years.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of over 121,341 publications.
- Inclusion criteria focused on programs targeting infant mental health or parent-infant relationships.
- Programs classified by level of scientific evidence.
Main Results:
- 60 programs met inclusion criteria.
- 29 programs (48.33%) were classified as 'promising'.
- Only 6 programs (10.0%) were 'effective', and just 2 (3.33%) were 'evidence-based' for IMH or parent-infant attachment.
Conclusions:
- A significant gap exists in evidence-based prevention and treatment programs for infant mental health.
- Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up and Video-feedback Intervention Parenting Program are the only identified evidence-based programs.
- Further research and dissemination efforts are crucial for advancing IMH interventions.
Abstract:
Although many prevention and treatment programs exist for children and families, there have been no reviews specifically examining their impact on infant mental health at the program level. Therefore, the purpose of the current review was to a) systematically examine prevention and treatment programs targeting infant mental health outcomes (i.e., internalizing problems, externalizing problems, social-emotional development, trauma) or the parent-infant relationship/ attachment in children from pregnancy to 2 years; b) classify each program by level of empirical support; and c) highlight strengths and identify gaps in the existing literature to inform future mental health intervention science. From over 121,341 publications initially identified, 60 prevention and treatment programs met inclusion criteria for this review. Each program was reviewed for level of scientific evidence. Of the 60 programs reviewed, 29 (48.33%) were classified as promising, while only six (10.0%) were classified as effective. Lastly, only two programs (3.33%; Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up and Video-feedback Intervention Parenting Program) were classified as evidence-based specific to infant mental health and/or parent-infant relationship/attachment outcomes. Implications related to disseminating evidence-based prevention/treatment programs are discussed.
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