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Suicide by Self-Immolation in the Pediatric Population.

H Fredj1,2, D Tarchella2, A Mokline1,2

  • 1Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Tunisie.

Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters
|April 29, 2024
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Summary

Self-immolation in children and adolescents is a serious issue, with a high mortality rate of 56.5%. This study highlights the need for targeted prevention strategies for pediatric suicide by fire.

Keywords:
burnspediatricself-immolationsuicide

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Psychiatry
  • Burn Care

Background:

  • Self-immolation is a rare but severe form of suicide.
  • Limited research exists on pediatric self-immolation by fire.
  • Understanding the epidemiology is crucial for prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents who committed suicide by fire.
  • To analyze the characteristics and outcomes of pediatric self-immolation cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective descriptive study.
  • Data collected from an intensive burn care department over 10 years (2011-2020).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, burn severity, circumstances, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 62 pediatric cases (8% of suicide attempts) were identified.
  • Mean age was 16.5 years, with male predominance (sex ratio 3:1).
  • High total burn surface area (44%), public place incidents (58%), unfavorable socio-economic factors (60%), and family conflict (34%) were noted. Mortality rate was 56.5%.

Conclusions:

  • Self-immolation is a significant concern in the pediatric population.
  • It results in severe burns and a high mortality rate.
  • Urgent need for focused prevention and intervention strategies for pediatric suicide by fire.