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Efficient and Stable Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis Enabled by Stress Optimization.

Jiawei Liu1,2, Han Liu1,2, Yang Yang1,2

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Mechanical stress in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) significantly impacts performance. A novel Ti mesh flow channel (TM-FC) reduces stress inhomogeneity, improving PEMWE efficiency and stability for renewable energy storage.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is crucial for renewable energy storage but faces challenges in efficiency and long-term stability.
  • Current PEMWE designs often exhibit uneven stress distribution, negatively affecting anode catalyst layer (ACL) performance and durability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the critical role of mechanical stress distribution in PEMWE performance.
  • To develop and evaluate a novel flow channel design for improved stress management and enhanced PEMWE operation.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of conventional serpentine flow channels (S-FC) and a proposed Ti mesh flow channel (TM-FC) with gradient pores.
  • Evaluation of stress distribution, voltage, and degradation rates in PEMWE cells under varying conditions.
  • Cross-scale testing of the TM-FC design in electrolyzers up to 100 kW.

Main Results:

  • The TM-FC design significantly reduced stress inhomogeneity compared to S-FC.
  • PEMWE with TM-FC showed 27 mV lower initial voltage and an 8-fold reduction in voltage degradation rate at 2.0 A/cm².
  • TM-FC demonstrated scalability, with only a 20 mV voltage increase after three orders of magnitude scaleup in 100 kW electrolyzers.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical stress distribution is a critical, yet often overlooked, factor in PEMWE efficiency and stability.
  • The proposed Ti mesh flow channel effectively mitigates stress inhomogeneity, leading to substantial improvements in PEMWE performance and durability.
  • The TM-FC design shows strong potential for industrial application in large-scale PEMWE systems for renewable energy conversion and storage.