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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

324
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
324
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

178
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
178
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

241
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
241
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

140
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
140
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

226
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
226
Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

241
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
241

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Sternoclavicular Tuberculosis: An Unusual Presentation.

Shirish Sahebrao Chandanwale1, Akshi Raj1, Madhuri Singh1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases
|April 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Extra pulmonary tuberculosis, including rare sternoclavicular TB, is increasing globally, affecting younger females and those from Asia and Africa. Early diagnosis requires high clinical suspicion and imaging, with definitive diagnosis confirmed by pathology and molecular methods.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Extra pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is increasingly prevalent worldwide, particularly among younger females and individuals from Asia and Africa.
  • Sternoclavicular tuberculosis is an exceptionally rare form of TB, often presenting without concurrent pulmonary involvement.

Observation:

  • Painless chest wall swelling can be an initial symptom of sternoclavicular TB.
  • Imaging modalities like ultrasonography and high-resolution computed tomography are crucial for assessing lesion nature and bone involvement.
  • Diagnosis requires aspiration or histopathology, with caseous necrosis being indicative of TB.

Findings:

  • Definitive diagnosis relies on detecting acid-fast bacilli via smears, tissue examination, or molecular techniques.
  • A high index of clinical suspicion is paramount for timely diagnosis of this rare condition.
  • Treatment strategies for thoracic TB, including sternoclavicular involvement, remain debated.

Implications:

  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for improving outcomes in extrapulmonary TB cases.
  • Anti-tubercular drugs form the primary treatment, with surgery reserved for specific complications like cold abscesses and infected tissue removal.