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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Color in Coordination Complexes
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Fine-Structure Qubit Encoded in Metastable Strontium Trapped in an Optical Lattice.

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We achieved precise control over a new type of qubit in strontium atoms, enabling fast quantum computations and advanced quantum simulations.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • The fine-structure qubit in neutral strontium atoms offers a promising platform for quantum information processing.
  • Encoding qubits in metastable states like ^{3}P_{2} and ^{3}P_{0} presents unique challenges and opportunities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate coherent control of a fine-structure qubit in neutral strontium atoms.
  • To explore the potential of this qubit for quantum information processors and simulators.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a Raman transition to couple the ^{3}P_{2} and ^{3}P_{0} states.
  • Employing a magnetic quadrupole transition for coherent state initialization.
  • Observing Rabi oscillations and performing single-qubit rotations.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated coherent control with over 60 Rabi oscillation cycles.
  • Achieved single-qubit rotations on the microsecond timescale.
  • Obtained coherence times of tens of milliseconds using spin echo techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Coherent control of the strontium fine-structure qubit is feasible.
  • This qubit platform shows potential for developing fast quantum information processors.
  • The system is suitable for creating highly tunable quantum simulators.