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The effect of vitamin D status on the occurrence of Kawasaki Disease: a meta-analysis

Haixiang Zhang1,2, Fuyong Jiao3, Jiaojiao Wang1,4

  • 1Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, 256# Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710068, China.

BMC Pediatrics
|April 29, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Lower vitamin D levels are significantly linked to Kawasaki Disease (KD) occurrence, particularly in Chinese children. However, vitamin D status did not appear to influence the development of coronary artery lesions in KD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a critical pediatric illness.
  • The role of vitamin D in KD pathogenesis remains unclear.
  • Coronary artery lesions (CAL) are a major complication of KD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between vitamin D status and KD.
  • To determine if vitamin D levels impact the development of CAL in KD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive meta-analysis was performed.
  • Included 22 studies examining serum 25(OH)D levels in KD patients and controls.
  • Assessed the correlation between vitamin D and KD occurrence, and its impact on CAL development.

Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between lower serum 25(OH)D levels and KD occurrence (P < 0.001).
  • KD patients exhibited significantly lower vitamin D levels compared to healthy controls (SMD: -1.30 ng/mL).
  • No significant impact of vitamin D status on CAL development in KD patients was identified.

Conclusions:

  • Lower serum vitamin D levels are significantly associated with the occurrence of Kawasaki Disease.
  • This association is particularly noted in the Chinese population.
  • Vitamin D status does not appear to directly influence the development of coronary artery lesions in KD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
25-hydroxyvitamin DCoronary artery lesionKawasaki diseaseVitamin D

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