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Published on: August 18, 2015
Targeting pyroptosis to treat ischemic stroke: From molecular pathways to treatment strategy
Lina Li1, Chonglin Shi1, Fang Dong2
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
Abstract:
Ischemic stroke is the primary reason for human disability and death, but the available treatment options are limited. Hence, it is imperative to explore novel and efficient therapies. In recent years, pyroptosis (a pro-inflammatory cell death characterized by inflammation) has emerged as an important pathological mechanism in ischemic stroke that can cause cell death through plasma membrane rupture and release of inflammatory cytokines. Pyroptosis is closely associated with inflammation, which exacerbates the inflammatory response in ischemic stroke. The level of inflammasomes, GSDMD, Caspases, and inflammatory factors is increased after ischemic stroke, exacerbating brain injury by mediating pyroptosis. Hence, inhibition of pyroptosis can be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between pyroptosis and ischemic stroke, as well as a series of treatments to attenuate pyroptosis, intending to provide insights for new therapeutic targets on ischemic stroke.
Insights
Pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death, significantly contributes to ischemic stroke injury. Inhibiting pyroptosis offers a promising therapeutic strategy for treating this condition.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pathology
- Immunology
Background:
- Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with limited treatment options.
- Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke.
- Inflammasomes, GSDMD, caspases, and inflammatory cytokines are upregulated post-stroke, exacerbating brain injury via pyroptosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the intricate relationship between pyroptosis and ischemic stroke.
- To explore therapeutic strategies targeting pyroptosis in ischemic stroke.
- To provide insights into novel therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on pyroptosis and ischemic stroke.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms linking pyroptosis to ischemic brain injury.
- Summary of current and potential therapeutic interventions targeting pyroptosis.
Main Results:
- Pyroptosis is a key mediator of cell death and inflammation in ischemic stroke.
- Elevated levels of inflammasomes, GSDMD, and caspases drive pyroptotic cell death.
- Targeting pyroptosis pathways shows potential for neuroprotection in ischemic stroke.
Conclusions:
- Pyroptosis is a critical therapeutic target for mitigating ischemic stroke-induced brain damage.
- Further research into pyroptosis inhibition could lead to effective treatments for ischemic stroke.
- Understanding pyroptosis mechanisms is essential for developing novel neuroprotective strategies.
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