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Strengthening event-based surveillance (EBS): a case study from Afghanistan.

Mohamed Mostafa Tahoun1,2, Mohammad Nadir Sahak3, Muzhgan Habibi4

  • 1World Health Organization Country Office, Kabul, Afghanistan.

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|April 30, 2024
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Summary

Afghanistan is enhancing its Event-Based Surveillance (EBS) system to improve infectious disease outbreak detection and response. This initiative aims to strengthen public health surveillance and mitigate the impact of epidemics, including COVID-19.

Keywords:
And COVID-19Early warning and responseEvent-based surveillancePublic health surveillance

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease Surveillance

Background:

  • Afghanistan faces significant public health challenges due to instability, disease outbreaks, and the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Existing surveillance systems struggled with community-level case detection during COVID-19, missing opportunities for early intervention.
  • Event-Based Surveillance (EBS) offers a crucial mechanism for timely detection and response to emerging infectious threats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To strengthen the Event-Based Surveillance (EBS) component of Afghanistan's national public health surveillance system.
  • To enhance the capacity for rapid detection and response to infectious disease outbreaks, including COVID-19.
  • To mitigate the impact of public health emergencies through improved surveillance.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a landscape assessment of the existing public health surveillance system.
  • Developed an implementation work plan for enhancing EBS.
  • Key steps included establishing a multisectoral working group, identifying information sources, prioritizing events, defining signals, and developing SOPs and training materials.

Main Results:

  • An implementation work plan for strengthening EBS has been developed.
  • Event-Based Surveillance (EBS) is currently being piloted in seven provinces.
  • Lessons learned from the pilot phase will inform nationwide expansion.

Conclusions:

  • Strengthening Event-Based Surveillance (EBS) is critical for improving Afghanistan's infectious disease outbreak detection and response capabilities.
  • The pilot program's findings will be instrumental in scaling up EBS nationally.
  • Enhanced surveillance is vital for mitigating the impact of current and future public health threats.