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Related Concept Videos

Survival Tree01:19

Survival Tree

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Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
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Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS01:17

Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS

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The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
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Plane Potential Flows01:23

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Plane potential flows simplify fluid motion by assuming the fluid to be irrotational and incompressible. These characteristics allow these flows to be described by a velocity potential function, ϕ, representing the flow speed in a given direction, and a stream function, ψ, that visualizes the flow path, both governed by Laplace's equation. These parameters help in estimating flow patterns, velocity distributions, and pressure fields around various hydraulic structures.
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Manipulation and Analysis01:21

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GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response01:29

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Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Kinematic History of a Salient-recess Junction Explored through a Combined Approach of Field Data and Analog Sandbox Modeling
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A deep dive into green infrastructure failures using fault tree analysis.

Mahdi Bahrami1, Bardia Roghani1, Franz Tscheikner-Gratl1

  • 1Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water and Wastewater Engineering (VA) Group, Trondheim, Norway.

Water Research
|May 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Green infrastructure (GI) failures can be predicted by analyzing common issues like trash, sediment, and vegetation problems. This helps shift from reactive to proactive maintenance for improved stormwater management.

Keywords:
Asset managementComponent failureData collectionNature-based solutionsProactive maintenanceRisk assessment

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Urban Planning
  • Civil Engineering

Background:

  • Green infrastructure (GI) offers multiple benefits for urban stormwater management but faces performance degradation over its lifecycle.
  • Current maintenance strategies for GI are largely reactive, failing to anticipate operational issues.
  • There is a critical need for data on GI failures to model deterioration and implement predictive maintenance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential failures in representative green infrastructure types.
  • To identify critical events for data collection to anticipate GI malfunctions.
  • To provide insights for shifting GI operation towards proactive maintenance.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) using minimal cut sets was employed.
  • Fault trees were constructed for bioswales, rain gardens, and green roofs.
  • Analysis focused on failures related to runoff quantity, quality, and additional service functions.

Main Results:

  • Recurring basic events impacting GI operation include 'trash accumulation', 'clogging due to sediment accumulation', and 'overly dense vegetation'.
  • 'Plants not thriving', 'invasive plants', and 'deterioration from external influences' were identified as events disrupting multiple service functions.
  • Vegetation and filter media layer failures were found to have the most significant influence on other GI components.

Conclusions:

  • The identified basic events and fault trees can inform data collection for calculating GI failure rates.
  • This research supports a transition from reactive to proactive operation and maintenance of green infrastructure.
  • Predictive maintenance schemes incorporating failure data can enhance the long-term performance of green infrastructure.