Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins
16:10

A TIRF Microscopy Technique for Real-time, Simultaneous Imaging of the TCR and its Associated Signaling Proteins

Published on: March 22, 2012

23.9K

[Understanding New Regulatory Mechanism of TCR Signal Transduction]

Jun-Ichi Kashiwakura1, Tadashi Matsuda2

  • 1Department of Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science.

Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
|May 1, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 (STAP-2) is crucial for T cell activation and immune responses. STAP-2 deficiency impairs T cell receptor signaling, impacting autoimmune disease pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Signaling

Context:

  • Signal-transducing adaptor protein-2 (STAP-2) acts as a scaffold protein in various immune signaling pathways.
  • STAP-2 regulates LIF/LIF receptor, LPS/TLR4 signals, T cell apoptosis, and migration.
  • Its role in T cell-antigen receptor (TCR)-mediated activation was previously unknown.

Purpose:

  • To review the detailed functions of STAP-2 in TCR-mediated T cell activation.
  • To explore the impact of STAP-2 on the pathogenesis of T cell-mediated inflammation and immune diseases.

Summary:

  • STAP-2 deficiency suppresses TCR-mediated T cell activation by inhibiting LCK-mediated CD3ζ and ZAP-70 activation.
  • STAP-2 is essential for T cell functions, including apoptosis, migration, and adhesion.
  • STAP-2 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Propionibacterium acnes-induced granuloma and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Impact:

  • This review elucidates STAP-2's multifaceted role in T cell signaling and immune regulation.
  • Understanding STAP-2's function is vital for developing therapeutic strategies for T cell-mediated inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
  • Highlights STAP-2's necessity in both physiological T cell functions and pathological conditions.
Keywords:
T cellT cell-antigen receptorexperimental autoimmune encephalomyelitissignal-transducing adaptor protein-2

More Related Videos

Identification of Mediators of T-cell Receptor Signaling via the Screening of Chemical Inhibitor Libraries08:49

Identification of Mediators of T-cell Receptor Signaling via the Screening of Chemical Inhibitor Libraries

Published on: January 22, 2019

9.1K
Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain08:48

Generating De Novo Antigen-specific Human T Cell Receptors by Retroviral Transduction of Centric Hemichain

Published on: October 25, 2016

8.5K

Related Concept Videos

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.5K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
7.3K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
714
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.3K
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases01:26

Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...
12.8K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
8.8K