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[Diagnosis and treatment of vestibular migraine - recent developments and future treatment strategies].

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2025

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[Update on diagnostic procedures in third window syndromes. German version].

Julia Dlugaiczyk1, Sebastian Rösch2,3, Georgios Mantokoudis4

  • 1Klinik für Ohren‑, Nasen‑, Hals- und Gesichtschirurgie & Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Schwindel und neurologische Sehstörungen, Universitätsspital Zürich (USZ), Universität Zürich (UZH), Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz. julia.dlugaiczyk@usz.ch.

HNO
|May 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Diagnosing third window syndromes like superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS) requires integrating symptoms, clinical signs, audiovestibular tests, and imaging for accurate identification.

Keywords:
AudiometryElectrocochleographyEnlarged vestibular aqueductSuperior canal dehiscence syndromeVestibular evoked myogenic potentials

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neuroscience
  • Audiology

Context:

  • Third window syndromes, including superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS), large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS), and X-chromosomal malformations, present diagnostic challenges.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and patient outcomes.

Purpose:

  • To provide a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of diagnostic procedures for third window syndromes.
  • To highlight specific diagnostic approaches for SCDS, LVAS, and X-chromosomal malformations.
  • To synthesize current literature and clinical case findings.

Summary:

  • Audiovestibular tests, particularly vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), are key for SCDS diagnosis, with established cut-off values.
  • Emerging diagnostic tools include electrocochleography, broadband tympanometry, video head impulse testing, and vibration-induced nystagmus.
  • Genetic analyses are increasingly important for diagnosing LVAS.

Impact:

  • This review aids clinicians in diagnosing complex inner ear disorders.
  • It emphasizes a multimodal diagnostic approach, combining clinical data, audiology, and imaging.
  • The findings support the development of standardized diagnostic protocols for third window syndromes.