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Azithromycin removal using pine bark, oak ash and mussel shell.

Raquel Cela-Dablanca1, Ana Barreiro1, Lucía Rodríguez-López2

  • 1Dept. Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Engineering Polytechnic School, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.

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|May 2, 2024
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Summary

Oak ash, pine bark, and mussel shell effectively remove the antibiotic azithromycin (AZM) from soil. These low-cost bio-adsorbents enhance AZM removal, offering a promising solution for environmental pollution control.

Keywords:
AdsorptionAntibioticsBy-productsDesorptionEmerging pollutantsSoils

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Adsorption Science

Background:

  • Antibiotic contamination poses a significant environmental risk.
  • Adsorption is a cost-effective method for removing pollutants.
  • Azithromycin (AZM) is a widely used antibiotic with environmental persistence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate pine bark, oak ash, and mussel shell as bio-adsorbents for azithromycin (AZM).
  • To assess the efficiency of these bio-adsorbents in removing AZM from different soil types.
  • To investigate the adsorption and desorption characteristics of AZM on soils with and without bio-adsorbents.

Main Methods:

  • Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using varying AZM concentrations (2.5–600 μmol L⁻¹).
  • Three by-products (pine bark, oak ash, mussel shell) were tested as adsorbents.
  • Adsorption data were fitted to Linear, Freundlich, and Langmuir models.

Main Results:

  • Oak ash demonstrated the highest adsorption capacity (>80% retention), followed by pine bark (69%) and mussel shell (25-50%).
  • Adsorption of AZM onto the bio-adsorbents was largely irreversible, with negligible desorption.
  • Bio-adsorbent application ensured 100% AZM adsorption across all tested concentrations in soils.

Conclusions:

  • Pine bark, oak ash, and mussel shell are effective and low-cost bio-adsorbents for removing azithromycin from the environment.
  • These materials significantly enhance AZM removal efficiency in contaminated soils.
  • The findings offer a sustainable approach to mitigate emerging contaminant pollution from antibiotics.