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Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary specificities of the association between venous

Y M Afassinou1, A A Adani-Ifè2, Y I Sossou1

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Cancer patients with venous thromboembolic events (VTE) face a high mortality rate. Advanced cancer stages and VTE severity contribute to fatal outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Keywords:
CancerTogoVenous thromboembolic events

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hematology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Venous thromboembolic event (VTE) in cancer patients presents unique challenges.
  • Limited resources can impact the management and outcomes of cancer-associated VTE.
  • Understanding these specific clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and outcome aspects is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and outcome characteristics of cancer patients with VTE.
  • To analyze VTE in the context of limited healthcare resources.
  • To identify factors contributing to mortality in this patient population.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted over six years (March 2016-March 2022).
  • Medical records of 87 adult patients with histologically confirmed cancer and VTE were analyzed.
  • Exclusion criteria included incomplete records and COVID-19 cases.

Main Results:

  • The average age of patients was 56.36 years.
  • VTE was incidentally discovered in 28.74% of cases; 68.96% had isolated venous thrombosis, and 95% had proximal thrombosis.
  • Gynaecological (33.33%) and urological (32.19%) cancers were most common, often at advanced stages (74.71%).
  • Mortality rate was high at 66.66%, with deaths primarily related to cancer progression (63.79%) or VTE complications (22.42%).

Conclusions:

  • Venous thromboembolic events in cancer patients are associated with a particularly severe and often fatal course.
  • The severity of VTE and the advanced stage of cancer are key determinants of poor outcomes.
  • Findings highlight the critical need for effective management strategies in resource-limited settings.