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Demystifying COVID-19 mortality causes with interpretable data mining.
Xinyu Qian1, Zhihong Zuo2, Danni Xu1
1School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Scientific Reports
|May 2, 2024
Summary
Elderly COVID-19 patients with elevated C-reactive protein, abnormal neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages, and low albumin face higher mortality. Additional factors like D-dimer and WBC levels further increase risks.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Infectious Diseases
- Data Mining
Background:
- Older adults remain highly susceptible to severe COVID-19 outcomes and mortality.
- Existing research on COVID-19 mortality risk factors in the elderly lacks comprehensive analysis of interactive effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and analyze the interactive risk factors contributing to COVID-19 mortality in elderly patients.
- To provide data-driven insights for early intervention and improved patient outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 1917 COVID-19 patients (December 2022 - March 2023).
- Application of Affinity Propagation clustering for feature extraction.
- Utilized the Apriori Algorithm for association rule mining to identify mortality risk factor combinations.
Main Results:
- Identified key combinations of clinical features associated with significantly increased COVID-19 mortality in the elderly.
- Patients with specific elevated C-reactive protein, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and albumin levels showed a 2-fold mortality increase.
- Inclusion of elevated D-dimer and White Blood Cell (WBC) counts escalated mortality risks to 3-4 fold.
- Pre-existing liver and kidney diseases were associated with up to 100% mortality.
Conclusions:
- Specific combinations of laboratory values and comorbidities are critical predictors of COVID-19 mortality in older adults.
- Findings support the development of targeted interventions and auxiliary diagnostic tools for high-risk elderly COVID-19 patients.
- Early identification and management of these risk factors can significantly reduce mortality rates.
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