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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Software Engineering

Background:

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into society, offering economic benefits but posing risks of human disengagement in decision-making.
  • Human-Centred AI (HCAI) is an emerging framework promoting AI augmentation over replacement to maintain human control.
  • Website usability evaluation is a critical area where AI's automation vs. augmentation capabilities can be explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effectiveness of different levels of automation in AI-powered tools for website usability evaluation.
  • To compare a fully automated approach with augmented approaches in identifying usability problems.
  • To determine how AI automation and augmentation impact the detection of varying severity levels of usability issues.

Main Methods:

  • An experimental study was conducted comparing three visualizations representing different levels of automation in a semi-automatic usability evaluation tool.
  • Participants evaluated website usability using AI tools ranging from full automation to augmentation.
  • The study analyzed the types and severity of usability problems identified by evaluators across different automation levels.

Main Results:

  • A fully automated AI approach successfully identified a significant number of medium and high-severity usability problems.
  • Augmented AI approaches proved more effective in detecting low-severity usability problems.
  • The study highlights a trade-off between the scope of critical issue detection and the granularity of minor issue identification.

Conclusions:

  • AI tools can significantly aid in identifying critical usability issues, supporting professional evaluators.
  • Augmented AI approaches offer complementary benefits by enhancing the detection of less severe, yet still relevant, usability problems.
  • The findings support the HCAI framework by demonstrating how AI can augment human capabilities in specialized domains like usability evaluation.