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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
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The microRNA-34 Family and Its Functional Role in Lung Cancer.

Tinghua Zhang1, Youyuan Hu2, Na Yang3

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory.

American Journal of Clinical Oncology
|May 3, 2024
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Summary

The microRNA-34 (miR-34) family acts as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer, being downregulated and inhibiting cancer progression. Research explores its role in detection and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality globally.
  • The microRNA-34 (miR-34) family functions as a crucial tumor suppressor in various cancers.
  • Dysregulation and downregulation of the miR-34 family are observed in lung cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the regulatory role of the miR-34 family in lung cancer.
  • To review recent research advancements concerning miR-34 in lung cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miR-34 family in lung cancer.
  • Analysis of miR-34's mechanism in regulating oncogenes.
  • Examination of miR-34's impact on cancer hallmarks like proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • The miR-34 family is significantly downregulated in lung cancer tissues.
  • miR-34 suppresses tumor growth by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
  • miR-34 induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and senescence through oncogene regulation.

Conclusions:

  • The miR-34 family is a critical tumor suppressor in lung cancer.
  • Restoring miR-34 levels holds therapeutic potential for lung cancer treatment.
  • miR-34-based strategies are promising for lung cancer detection and therapy.