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Related Experiment Videos

Beatrice Aiuto1,2, Simona Cirrincione1, Maria Gabriella Giuffrida1

  • 1Institute of the Science of Food Production (ISPA) - National Research Council, Largo Braccini 2, Grugliasco, TO, 10095, Italy.

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
|May 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) patients may react to milk proteins. This study found specific milk fat globule proteins, like xanthine oxidase, are glycosylated with alpha-gal, potentially causing allergic reactions in AGS individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Food Allergy Research
  • Glycobiology

Background:

  • Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an allergic reaction to mammalian meat, linked to tick bites and IgE antibodies against the alpha-gal oligosaccharide.
  • A subset of AGS patients (10-20%) also exhibit allergic responses to dairy proteins.
  • The lipid fraction of meat has been implicated in AGS, prompting investigation into other mammalian-derived components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential involvement of milk fat globule proteins (MFGPs) in allergic reactions experienced by patients with Alpha-gal syndrome.
  • To identify specific MFGPs recognized by IgE antibodies from AGS patients.
  • To determine if these MFGPs are glycosylated with the alpha-gal epitope.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction of milk fat globule proteins (MFGPs) from bovine milk.
Keywords:
alpha‐gal carbohydratealpha‐gal syndromefood allergymilkxanthine oxidase

Related Experiment Videos

  • Immunoblotting experiments to assess IgE recognition of MFGPs by sera from AGS patients.
  • Liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) for identification of immunoreactive proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • MFGPs were recognized by IgE from AGS patients, confirming their involvement in allergic reactions.
    • Butyrophillin, lactadherin, and xanthine oxidase (XO) were identified as alpha-gal glycosylated proteins in milk.
    • Xanthine oxidase (XO) showed significant recognition by both anti-alpha-gal antibodies and patient sera, suggesting a prominent role.

    Conclusions:

    • This study identifies specific alpha-gal carrying glycoproteins in bovine milk, including butyrophillin, lactadherin, and xanthine oxidase.
    • The presence of alpha-gal glycosylated proteins in milk suggests that whole milk and dairy products could trigger allergic reactions in individuals with Alpha-gal syndrome.
    • Dietary recommendations for AGS patients should consider the potential for milk and dairy product-induced symptoms, especially in those experiencing adverse reactions.