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Environmental Exposures and Risks During Pregnancy.

Sarah M Schlein1, Elaine M Reno2, Christanne H Coffey3

  • 1Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.

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|May 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pregnant individuals can safely enjoy outdoor activities, but should be aware of environmental risks. This review synthesizes evidence on pregnancy in wilderness settings, covering altitude, temperature, and wildlife exposures.

Keywords:
guidelineshigh altitudehyperthermiapregnantprenatalwomen

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Area of Science:

  • Wilderness Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Physiology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Limited evidence exists for many recommendations on environmental exposures during pregnancy.
  • Opinion-based advice is common, lacking robust scientific support.
  • Understanding risks and benefits for pregnant individuals in the outdoors is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a narrative review on considerations for pregnant individuals in wilderness environments.
  • To identify and evaluate the best available evidence on environmental exposures during pregnancy.
  • To address pregnancy-specific concerns in extreme outdoor settings.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a narrative literature review.
  • Included observational studies, case series, and limited controlled trials.
  • Extrapolated from physiological data and evaluated expert consensus.

Main Results:

  • Exposure to natural environments can improve pregnancy outcomes and maternal health.
  • Risks for pregnant individuals are similar to nonpregnant individuals, with added maternal-fetal and evacuation challenges.
  • Specific concerns include high altitude, hypothermia, hyperthermia, lightning, and envenomations.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-based guidance is needed for pregnant individuals in wilderness settings.
  • Balancing benefits of nature exposure with potential risks is essential.
  • Further research should focus on maternal-fetal physiology in extreme environments.