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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

202
Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
202
Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation01:25

Assessment of the Abdomen I: Inspection and Auscultation

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Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
Inspection of the Abdomen
The first step in any abdominal examination is inspection....
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Data Collection III01:05

Data Collection III

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The physical assessment examines the patient for objective data that defines the patient's condition, and aids in formulating the nursing care plan. The purpose of physical assessment is a health status appraisal, which includes identifying health problems, and establishing a database for nursing intervention.
The principles to begin the physical assessment include conducting a comprehensive or problem-related history in a quiet, well-lit room, emphasizing privacy and comfort for the...
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Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

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A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
185
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

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The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like...
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Assessment of the Cardiovascular System II: Inspection01:29

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System II: Inspection

227
Inspection is the initial step in assessing the cardiovascular system. It involves a detailed visual examination that provides crucial information about a patient's circulatory and cardiac health. This systematic process, conducted from head to toe, helps identify signs of cardiovascular conditions by observing physical appearance, skin and mucous membranes, jugular and carotid pulsations, chest symmetry, and the condition of the extremities.
Head and Neck
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Updated: Jun 27, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
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Women's Perspective on Self-Breast Examination.

Susithra Radhakrishnan1, Pankaj B Shah1

  • 1Community Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND.

Cureus
|May 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Most women know about self-breast examination, but lack knowledge on proper procedures and timing. Education is crucial to overcome barriers and promote this vital early detection method for breast cancer.

Keywords:
barrierbenefitbreast cancerbreast lumpself-breast examination

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death globally among women.
  • Early detection significantly reduces mortality rates.
  • Self-breast examination (SBE) offers an accessible, low-cost screening method, particularly in resource-limited areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore women's perspectives on self-breast examination (SBE).
  • To identify the perceived benefits and barriers associated with performing SBE.

Main Methods:

  • A qualitative study involving 100 participants.
  • Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a questionnaire.
  • Data collection focused on awareness, benefits, and barriers of SBE.

Main Results:

  • 66% of women were aware of self-breast examination (SBE), but only 8% knew the recommended age to start.
  • Key barriers included lack of privacy (18%) and embarrassment (14%).
  • 99% recognized SBE's potential for early detection of breast lumps.

Conclusions:

  • Awareness of the term 'self-breast examination' is moderate.
  • Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding the correct procedure, starting age, and changes to detect during SBE.
  • Societal-level emphasis on SBE education, addressing barriers, and highlighting benefits is essential for regular adoption.