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A Case Report Evaluating Gastric Emphysema versus Emphysematous Gastritis
Anna Nguyen1, Mark Slader2, Lindsey Spiegelman2
1California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA.
Gastric emphysema (GE) is usually benign, unlike emphysematous gastritis (EG), which has a high mortality. This case highlights the importance of differentiating GE from EG for appropriate patient management.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Radiology
- Emergency Medicine
Background:
- Gastric emphysema (GE) and emphysematous gastritis (EG) present similarly but have vastly different prognoses.
- EG carries a significant mortality risk (up to 60%), while GE is generally benign.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case of gastric emphysema.
- To emphasize the critical need to differentiate GE from EG for optimal patient outcomes.
- To provide insights into the diagnosis and management of these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Case report of a 29-year-old female with nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain.
- Clinical evaluation including vital signs, laboratory tests (leukocytosis, metabolic acidosis), and imaging.
- Computed tomography (CT) scan to identify air within the gastric wall.
Main Results:
- The patient presented with symptoms suggestive of a serious condition but was diagnosed with GE.
- CT scan confirmed gastric pneumatosis, leading to a diagnosis of GE.
- The patient responded well to conservative management and was discharged within two days.
Conclusions:
- Accurate differentiation between GE and EG is crucial for appropriate clinical management.
- Timely diagnosis and tailored treatment based on distinguishing GE from EG can improve patient outcomes.
- Understanding the distinct etiologies, presentations, and imaging findings is key for clinicians.
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