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Generation of Cancer Cell Clones to Visualize Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA TERRA Expressed from a Single Telomere in Living Cells
Published on: January 17, 2019
Targeting Telomere Dynamics as an Effective Approach for the Development of Cancer Therapeutics
Hong-Yu Tao1, Chun-Yan Zhao1, Ying Wang1
1Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Telomere is a protective structure located at the end of chromosomes of eukaryotes, involved in maintaining the integrity and stability of the genome. Telomeres play an essential role in cancer progression; accordingly, targeting telomere dynamics emerges as an effective approach for the development of cancer therapeutics. Targeting telomere dynamics may work through multifaceted molecular mechanisms; those include the activation of anti-telomerase immune responses, shortening of telomere lengths, induction of telomere dysfunction and constitution of telomerase-responsive drug release systems. In this review, we summarize a wide variety of telomere dynamics-targeted agents in preclinical studies and clinical trials, and reveal their promising therapeutic potential in cancer therapy. As shown, telomere dynamics-active agents are effective as anti-cancer chemotherapeutics and immunotherapeutics. Notably, these agents may display efficacy against cancer stem cells, reducing cancer stem levels. Furthermore, these agents can be integrated with the capability of tumor-specific drug delivery by the constitution of related nanoparticles, antibody drug conjugates and HSA-based drugs.
Insights
Targeting telomere dynamics offers a promising strategy for cancer therapy by activating immune responses and shortening telomeres. These agents show potential as chemotherapeutics, immunotherapeutics, and in targeting cancer stem cells.
Area of Science:
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Background:
- Telomeres are crucial for genome integrity and stability in eukaryotes.
- Telomere dysfunction is implicated in cancer progression.
- Targeting telomere dynamics presents a novel therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review agents targeting telomere dynamics in preclinical and clinical studies.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of these agents in cancer therapy.
- To explore mechanisms including immune response activation and telomere shortening.
Main Methods:
- Review of preclinical studies and clinical trials on telomere dynamics-targeted agents.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms, including immune responses and telomere length modulation.
- Investigation of drug delivery systems like nanoparticles and antibody conjugates.
Main Results:
- Telomere dynamics-active agents demonstrate efficacy as chemotherapeutics and immunotherapeutics.
- These agents show potential in targeting cancer stem cells.
- Integration with tumor-specific drug delivery systems enhances efficacy.
Conclusions:
- Targeting telomere dynamics is a promising strategy for developing novel cancer therapeutics.
- These agents offer multifaceted mechanisms of action against cancer.
- Combination therapies and targeted delivery systems may improve treatment outcomes.
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