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Updated: Jun 27, 2025
Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
Published on: December 19, 2020
CT abnormalities 3 and 12 months after hospitalization for COVID-19 and association with disease severity: A
Trond Mogens Aaløkken1,2, Haseem Ashraf2,3, Gunnar Einvik2,4
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
Insights
Chest CT scans reveal that ground-glass opacities and mosaicism decreased 3 to 12 months after COVID-19 hospitalization. Persistent opacities were linked to initial disease severity and older age.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- COVID-19 hospitalization can lead to persistent lung abnormalities.
- Understanding the temporal evolution of these changes is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess changes in chest CT findings from 3 to 12 months post-hospitalization for COVID-19.
- To identify associations between these CT changes and initial disease severity.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal cohort study of COVID-19 patients.
- Chest CT scans analyzed at 3 and 12 months using a CT severity score (CSS).
- Multivariable regression analyzed determinants of abbreviated CSS.
Main Results:
- Ground-glass opacities (GGO) and mosaicism decreased significantly between 3 and 12 months.
- Parenchymal bands increased over the same period.
- Persistent GGO at 12 months associated with higher initial COVID-19 severity (WHO category 5-7) and age ≥60.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 related lung abnormalities evolve over 12 months.
- Initial disease severity and patient age are key factors in persistent GGO.
Objectives:
To investigate changes in chest CT between 3 and 12 months and associations with disease severity in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 during the first wave in 2020.
Materials And Methods:
Longitudinal cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in 2020. Chest CT was performed 3 and 12 months after admission. CT images were evaluated using a CT severity score (CSS) (0-12 scale) and recoded to an abbreviated version (0-3 scale). We analyzed determinants of the abbreviated CSS with multivariable mixed effects ordinal regression.
Results:
242 patients completed CT at 3 months, and 124 (mean age 62.3±13.3, 78 men) also at 12 months. Between 3 and 12 months (n = 124) CSS (0-12 scale) for ground-glass opacities (GGO) decreased from median 3 (25th-75th percentile: 0-12) at 3 months to 0.5 (0-12) at 12 months (p<0.001), but increased for parenchymal bands (p<0.001). In multivariable analysis of GGO, the odds ratio for more severe abbreviated CSS (0-3 scale) at 12 months was 0.11 (95%CI 0.11 0.05 to 0.21, p<0.001) compared to 3 months, for WHO severity category 5-7 (high-flow oxygen/non-invasive ventilation/ventilator) versus 3 (non-oxygen use) 37.16 (1.18 to 43.47, p = 0.032), and for age ≥60 compared to <60 years 4.8 (1.33 to 17.6, p = 0.016). Mosaicism was reduced at 12 compared to 3 months, OR 0.33 (95%CI 0.16 to 0.66, p = 0.002).
Conclusions:
GGO and mosaicism decreased, while parenchymal bands increased from 3 to 12 months. Persistent GGO were associated with initial COVID-19 severity and age ≥60 years.
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