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S100A9: The Unusual Suspect Connecting Viral Infection and Inflammation
Julien Boucher1,2, Caroline Gilbert1,2, Santanu Bose3
1Axe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|May 6, 2024
Summary
The S100A8/A9 protein complex is linked to COVID-19 severity and cytokine storms. This review examines its role in viral infections, particularly SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Increased interest in S100A9's role in viral infections, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Elevated S100A8/A9 levels correlate with COVID-19 severity, cytokine storm, and myeloid cell alterations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structures and functions of S100A8/A9 proteins.
- To synthesize current knowledge on S100A8/A9 involvement in viral infections.
- To discuss the potential role of S100A9 in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on S100A8/A9 and viral infections.
- Analysis of data correlating S100A8/A9 levels with COVID-19 disease parameters.
- Exploration of molecular mechanisms underlying S100A8/A9 function in infection.
Main Results:
- S100A8/A9 proteins are implicated in the inflammatory response during viral infections.
- Evidence suggests a link between S100A8/A9 and the severity of COVID-19 and associated cytokine storm.
- Specific roles of S100A8/A9 constituents in SARS-CoV-2 infection are under investigation.
Conclusions:
- S100A8/A9 proteins are significant mediators in the host response to viral pathogens.
- Further research into S100A9's function in SARS-CoV-2 infection is warranted to understand its pathogenic contribution.
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