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Inducement and Evaluation of a Murine Model of Experimental Myopia
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Myopia Control: Are We Ready for an Evidence Based Approach?
Leila Sara Eppenberger1,2, Andrzej Grzybowski3,4, Leopold Schmetterer1,5,6,7,8,9,10
1Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
Ophthalmology and Therapy
|May 6, 2024
Summary
Effective myopia control interventions like low-dose atropine and specialized contact lenses slow progression, but long-term effectiveness and cost remain concerns. Personalized strategies are needed to balance risks and benefits for preventing high myopia.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Public Health
- Optometry
Background:
- Myopia and its severe complications pose a significant global health challenge.
- Current interventions aim to slow myopia progression and prevent vision-threatening outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated overview of myopia control interventions.
- To assess the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of various myopia management strategies.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed across three databases.
- Interventions were categorized into environmental/behavioral, pharmacological, optical, and novel therapies.
- Included were review articles and randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Main Results:
- Low-dose atropine and specific myopia-controlling contact lenses show proven efficacy.
- Evidence for newer spectacle lenses is more limited; increased outdoor time appears effective for prevention.
- Pharmacological, optical, and novel therapies carry risks and moderate to high costs.
Conclusions:
- Myopia control interventions vary globally in accessibility and practice.
- Short- to medium-term efficacy is demonstrated, but long-term effectiveness in preventing high myopia is unproven.
- A unified consensus is needed for personalized myopia management strategies balancing risk and effectiveness.
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