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Flicker and reading speed: Effects on individuals with visual sensitivity.

Caitlin A Laycox1, Rory Thompson2, Jasmine A Haggerty1

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Modern LED lighting flickers can significantly slow reading speed, especially for visually sensitive individuals. High-contrast striped text exacerbates this effect, highlighting the impact of visual discomfort on reading efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Human-computer interaction
  • Lighting technology

Background:

  • Environmental visual stimuli like flicker and striped patterns can induce adverse effects such as visual illusions, discomfort, migraines, and seizures.
  • LED lighting, prevalent in modern environments, can exhibit flicker at various frequencies, potentially impacting visual comfort and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of LED light flicker frequencies and text patterns on reading speed.
  • To assess the relationship between visual sensitivity, text characteristics, and reading performance under different lighting conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Reading speed was measured using texts with high (striped) and low (less striped) horizontal autocorrelation under LED lights flickering at different frequencies (60 Hz, 120 Hz, 600 Hz, 60 kHz) and continuous light.
  • Participants also completed the Pattern Glare (PG) Test to assess visual sensitivity.
  • The number of visual illusions experienced was recorded.

Main Results:

  • Reading speed was significantly reduced at 60 Hz and 600 Hz flicker frequencies and when reading high-autocorrelation (striped) text.
  • Individuals with lower visual sensitivity (low PG group) were more affected by flicker than those with higher sensitivity (high PG group).
  • The high PG group exhibited reduced reading speed with high-autocorrelation text, regardless of flicker.

Conclusions:

  • Uncomfortable visual environments, characterized by specific LED flicker frequencies and text patterns, demonstrably reduce reading efficiency.
  • Visually sensitive individuals are more susceptible to the negative impacts of visual discomfort on reading performance.
  • The findings underscore the importance of considering lighting quality and visual design in environments where reading is essential.