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Evaluation of CoVid-19 infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using biochemical markers
Allavarapu Ramya Sree1, K Sethumadhavan1, S P Tejaswi Pullakanam2
1Department of Microbiology, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (VMRF-DU), Puducherry, Tamil Nadu, India.
Insights
COVID-19 infection can occur in vaccinated individuals, but vaccination significantly reduces severity and prevents deaths. Vaccinated individuals experience milder symptoms and require less hospitalization compared to unvaccinated groups.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Hematology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates understanding infection dynamics in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated populations.
- Hematological parameters are crucial indicators of disease severity and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate COVID-19 infection rates and clinical presentations in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals.
- To analyze the correlation between hematological parameters and COVID-19 severity across different vaccination statuses.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patient data including demographics, symptoms, vaccination status, and outcomes.
- Recording and analysis of hematological parameters: Ferritin, D-dimer, CRP, troponin-1, and platelet count.
Main Results:
- The second wave saw the highest COVID-19 cases (51.07%), with the 31-40 age group most affected.
- Symptom prevalence varied: weakness (unvaccinated), fatigue (first dose), hair loss (both doses).
- Vaccination correlated with milder infections, fewer hospitalizations, and no reported deaths, unlike severe outcomes in unvaccinated individuals.
Conclusions:
- Despite vaccination, COVID-19 infection is possible, but clinical outcomes are significantly improved.
- Vaccination remains highly effective in preventing severe disease, hospitalization, and mortality from COVID-19.
Abstract:
The evaluation of infection rate for CoVid-19 cases among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals using haematological parameters is of interest. Data such as age, gender, occupation, location, signs and symptoms, length of symptoms, date of sample collection and report generation, status of vaccinations, and outcome available in the database was used in this analysis. Ferritin levels, D-dimer values, CRP, troponin-1 levels and platelet count of each CoVid-19 patient were recorded and analysed. Data shows that maximum number of cases was reported during the second wave 143 (51.07%). The common age group affected was 31-40 years 28.56%. The common symptom identified was weakness in arms and legs among the unvaccinated group of CoVid-19 positive group. However, common symptom identified was fatigue (87%) among those who received only the first dose of CoVid vaccine. Nonetheless, the symptom identified was hair loss (68%) among those who received both the doses of CoVid vaccine. Thus, data shows that people do experience severe and life-threatening COVID-19 infection despite receiving the vaccination. Nonetheless, the infection is mild and very few individuals require hospitalization. No deaths are reported in the group that received the vaccination. This is in contrast to the unvaccinated group, which had a severe CoVid-19 infection with few deaths reported.
