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Dietary adherence among persons with type 2 diabetes: A concurrent mixed methods study.

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Good dietary adherence in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is linked to higher nutritional knowledge and urban living. Interventions should focus on education, social support, and improving access to healthy foods for better T2D management.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Poor adherence to dietary recommendations in type 2 diabetes (T2D) leads to severe complications, increased healthcare costs, and mortality.
  • Identifying factors influencing dietary adherence is crucial for effective T2D management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors associated with dietary adherence in individuals with T2D.
  • To explore barriers and facilitators impacting dietary adherence in the T2D population.

Main Methods:

  • A concurrent mixed-methods study involving 142 T2D patients in Ghana.
  • Assessed dietary adherence and diabetes-related nutritional knowledge (DRNK) using validated questionnaires.
  • Explored influencing factors through qualitative interviews with a subset of participants.

Main Results:

  • Over 50% of participants demonstrated good dietary adherence.
  • Increased DRNK and urban living were significantly associated with better dietary adherence.
  • Key facilitators included access to dietary information, personal preferences, perceived benefits, and social support, while barriers involved cost, food availability, conflicting habits, and social environment.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous, personalized dietary education is recommended for T2D patients.
  • Interventions should address socioeconomic factors, including poverty reduction and policies to enhance healthy food accessibility.