Effectiveness of an Artificial Intelligence-Assisted App for Improving Eating Behaviors: Mixed Methods Evaluation

Area of Science:

• Digital health interventions
• Artificial intelligence in healthcare
• Behavioral science and weight management

Background:

• Many weight management apps exist, yet individuals with overweight and obesity often struggle with effective weight loss.
• Self-regulation of momentary eating impulses is a critical, yet challenging, aspect of weight management.
• Emerging technologies like AI offer new avenues for supporting behavioral change in weight management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a novel AI-assisted weight management app, the Eating Trigger-Response Inhibition Program (eTRIP).
• To evaluate the app's impact on eating behaviors within a Southeast Asian cohort.
• To explore user experience and identify key components contributing to the app's success.

Main Methods:

• A single-group pretest-posttest study design was employed over a 12-week program with a 1-week run-in period.
• The eTRIP app integrated chatbot check-ins for eating triggers, AI-powered food image recognition, and automated mealtime nudges.
• Paired t-tests analyzed changes in psychobehavioral constructs; qualitative feedback was gathered via content analysis.

Main Results:

• Significant improvements were observed in overeating habits, snacking habits, self-regulation of eating behavior, depression, and physical activity.
• The app demonstrated a satisfactory user experience, with key themes including mindfulness, personalized reminders, and intuitive food logging.
• A low attrition rate of 8.4% suggests good feasibility and engagement with the eTRIP program.

Conclusions:

• The eTRIP app is a feasible and effective tool for improving eating behaviors and self-regulation.
• It holds potential as a personalized weight management solution for individuals with overweight and obesity.
• Further testing in larger populations is recommended to confirm its long-term effectiveness and sustainability.