Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions01:30

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacological Actions

661
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists, also known as anticholinesterases, exert their pharmacological effects by enhancing cholinergic transmission in various body parts, including the neuromuscular junction, autonomic cholinergic synapses, and the brain.
At the neuromuscular junction, these agents work by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine, allowing it to remain bound to the receptor and bind to nearby receptors. This process leads to repetitive firing of the endplate, causing muscle...
661
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action01:18

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action

1.8K
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex,...
1.8K
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics01:31

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Pharmacokinetics

1.1K
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists, such as synthetic choline esters and naturally occurring alkaloids, exert their effects by enhancing the actions of acetylcholine and stimulating the parasympathetic nervous system. Synthetic choline esters share structural similarities with acetylcholine. For example, they have a positively charged quaternary ammonium or onium group, contributing to their hydrophilic characteristics. As a result, they are poorly absorbed in the body through oral...
1.1K
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:22

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

947
Cholinergic agonists or cholinomimetics mimic the action of acetylcholine to stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. They are categorized into direct-acting and indirect-acting agents. The direct-acting cholinergic drugs induce the parasympathetic response by directly binding to the muscarinic or nicotine receptors. In comparison, the indirect-acting cholinergic drugs prevent acetylcholine hydrolysis, indirectly contributing to the extended parasympathetic response.
The direct-acting...
947
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

554
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are agents that interact with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the synaptic cleft, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine into choline and acetate. Consequently, the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft increases. These agonists can be classified into reversible and irreversible inhibitors based on their duration of action.
Reversible inhibitors display short to medium durations of action. Short-acting agents include simple alcohols with...
554
Cholinergic Neurons: Neurotransmission01:23

Cholinergic Neurons: Neurotransmission

2.8K
Cholinergic neurotransmission involves the synthesis and the release of acetylcholine (ACh) in order to transmit nerve impulses across the synapse. The process begins with the synthesis of acetyl CoA, a precursor for ACh, from ATP, acetate, and coenzyme A in the mitochondria. Choline, another vital precursor, is transported inside the neuron through choline transporters, including high-affinity choline transporter CHT1, low-affinity choline transporter CTL1, and lower-affinity choline...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Alpha/beta oscillatory power modulates ongoing task performance during strategic monitoring in prospective remembering.

Journal of neurophysiology·2026
Same author

Postoperative pain after joint replacement surgery : A randomized controlled trial of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation and the role of depression and anxiety.

Orthopadie (Heidelberg, Germany)·2026
Same author

A thin line between conflict and reaction time effects on EEG and fMRI brain signals.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2025
Same author

Decoding deception with the P300: A meta-analysis of the Concealed Information Test.

International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·2025
Same author

Methamphetamine-induced adaptation of learning rate dynamics depend on baseline performance.

eLife·2025
Same author

Stimulus predictability has little impact on decoding of covert visual spatial attention.

Journal of neural engineering·2025
Same journal

The Brain Response to Reflectional Symmetry Is Not Uniquely Preattentive.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The Design of Music Rhythm-Based Optical-Magnetic Stimulator and Its Study on LTP/LTD in the CA1 Region of the Hippocampus.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same journal

The Inspiring Journeys of Women in Science.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Gaining Insight Into the Nonfocality of Beta Oscillation Suppression Along the Sensorimotor Cortex Using Corticomuscular Coherence.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Human Steering Control Under Unpredictable Disturbances.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
Same journal

Human Single-Neuron Responses to Multi-Feature Auditory Deviants: Evidence From Medial Temporal Lobe.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

8.5K

Cholinergic modulation of motor sequence learning.

Angela Voegtle1, Catharina Mohrbutter1, Jonathan Hils2

  • 1Neurocybernetics and Rehabilitation, Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|May 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biperiden, an acetylcholine receptor antagonist, impairs motor sequence learning in healthy adults. This drug disrupts brain oscillations crucial for attention and motor control, highlighting the cholinergic system's role in learning new movements.

Keywords:
EEGbiperidenmotor sequence learningoscillatory powerserial reaction time task

More Related Videos

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

21.0K
New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat
09:45

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

8.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2025

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task
10:39

The "Motor" in Implicit Motor Sequence Learning: A Foot-stepping Serial Reaction Time Task

Published on: May 3, 2018

8.5K
Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice
06:04

Study Motor Skill Learning by Single-pellet Reaching Tasks in Mice

Published on: March 4, 2014

21.0K
New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat
09:45

New Variations for Strategy Set-shifting in the Rat

Published on: January 23, 2017

8.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The cholinergic system is vital for motor function.
  • The impact of cholinergic modulation on motor sequence learning remains unclear.
  • Biperiden, an acetylcholine receptor antagonist, is used for movement disorders but its effect on learning is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of biperiden on motor sequence learning.
  • To examine the neurophysiological underpinnings of biperiden's influence on learning.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study.
  • 30 healthy young participants.
  • Assessment of sequential finger movement learning and associated brain oscillatory activity (4-25 Hz).

Main Results:

  • Biperiden impaired motor sequence learning.
  • Widespread changes in oscillatory broadband power (theta, alpha, beta bands) were observed in the motor sequence learning network.
  • Biperiden disrupted theta power reductions during repeated sequences, potentially affecting attentional disengagement.
  • Increased alpha synchronization after biperiden suggested excessive visuospatial attention reduction.
  • Altered beta synchronization indicated disruption in integrating sensory inputs and prediction.

Conclusions:

  • Cholinergic processes, modulated by biperiden, are critical for motor sequence learning.
  • Biperiden's impairment of learning is associated with altered brain oscillations related to attention and sensory processing.
  • Findings underscore the role of acetylcholine in motor learning mechanisms.