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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Patterning the Geometry of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies on Compliant Substrates to Control Tissue-Level Mechanics
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An emerging role for tissue plasticity in developmental precision.

Sundar Ram Naganathan1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, 1, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|May 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Embryonic development relies on reproducible tissue shapes. This study explores how tissue plasticity, particularly in somite shape changes, enhances developmental precision and buffers biological noise.

Keywords:
feedbackmechanicsprecisionrobustnesssomitesymmetry

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Tissue mechanics
  • Morphogenesis

Background:

  • Reproducible tissue morphology is crucial for embryonic development.
  • Biological noise must be buffered to ensure developmental robustness.
  • While genetic and network factors are known noise buffers, mechanical properties are increasingly recognized for their role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss how mechanical properties of tissues contribute to reproducible embryonic development.
  • To highlight the role of tissue plasticity in achieving precise and reproducible morphogenesis.
  • To use somite shape changes as a model system to illustrate these concepts.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on tissue mechanics and developmental biology.
  • Analysis of somite shape changes as a case study.
  • Discussion of how tissue plasticity influences developmental outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Tissues exhibit significant plasticity in their ability to change shape.
  • This shape-changing plasticity contributes to increased precision in developmental processes.
  • Mechanical properties of tissues play a vital role in buffering inherent biological noise.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue plasticity is a key mechanism for ensuring reproducible embryonic development.
  • Understanding tissue mechanics is essential for comprehending developmental robustness.
  • The ability of tissues to dynamically alter shape enhances precision and reliability in morphogenesis.