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Bioinformation Analysis of Differential Expression Proteins in Different Processes of COVID-19
Nana Guo1, Xu Han1, Guangyue Han1
1Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China.
Viral Immunology
|May 8, 2024
Summary
Researchers identified key proteins linked to COVID-19 progression. These differentially expressed proteins, primarily associated with coagulation and platelet functions, show potential as early diagnostic markers for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Area of Science:
- Proteomics and Molecular Biology
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology
Background:
- Understanding the molecular progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires identifying biomarkers for different disease stages.
- Current knowledge gaps exist in pinpointing specific proteins that predict COVID-19 severity and outcomes from infection to recovery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify differentially expressed proteins associated with COVID-19 progression.
- To discover potential protein biomarkers for early diagnosis and understanding molecular mechanisms of COVID-19.
- To provide a reference for developing targeted COVID-19 treatments.
Main Methods:
- Employed Data-independent Acquisition (DIA) proteomics to analyze protein expression in COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals.
- Utilized R language for screening differentially expressed proteins.
- Performed Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia for Genes and Genomes analysis, and constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks.
Main Results:
- Identified 47 differentially expressed proteins between COVID-19 incubation patients and healthy controls, enriched in platelet functions and coagulation pathways.
- Found 42 differential proteins between clinical and latent phase patients, also linked to platelet activation and coagulation cascades.
- Screened 10 differential proteins between recovery and clinical phase patients, predominantly immune-related proteins. Key proteins like FGA, FGB, FGG, ACTB, PFN1, VCL, SERPZNCL, APOC3, LTF, and DEFA1 were highlighted.
Conclusions:
- Differentially expressed proteins across COVID-19 stages are significantly associated with coagulation.
- Specific proteins identified demonstrate potential as early diagnostic markers for COVID-19.
- Findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying COVID-19 pathogenesis and progression.
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