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The associations between functional dyspepsia and potential risk factors: A comprehensive Mendelian randomization
Zeyu Wang1, Tangyi Liu1, Dan Cao1
1State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi an, China.
Plos One
|May 8, 2024
Summary
This study used MR to investigate causal links between risk factors and functional dyspepsia (FD). Results show depression and lower education are genetic causes of FD, highlighting their importance in disease prevention.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Genetics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Functional dyspepsia (FD) has many suspected risk factors, but causal links are unclear.
- Previous studies were cross-sectional, limiting causal inference.
- This study uses a robust MR framework to explore causality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the causal relationships between 53 potential risk factors and functional dyspepsia (FD).
- To leverage genetic variants as instrumental variables for a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
- To identify genetically determined causal factors for FD.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature review identified 53 potential modifiable risk factors for FD.
- Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were used to select genetic variants as instrumental variables.
- Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis with inverse variance weighted (IVW) as the primary method was employed.
Main Results:
- Genetically predicted depression (OR 1.515) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (OR 1.320) were significantly associated with increased FD risk.
- Lower years of education (OR 0.926) showed a significant association with decreased FD risk.
- Multivariate MR confirmed depression and lower educational attainment as significant causal factors for FD.
Conclusions:
- Depression and lower educational attainment are identified as causal factors for functional dyspepsia (FD) at the genetic level.
- These findings underscore the importance of addressing mental health and socioeconomic factors in FD prevention and management.
- The study provides strong evidence for genetic causality, moving beyond correlational observations.
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